Determination of phenytoin in exhaled breath condensate using electromembrane extraction followed by capillary electrophoresis

Application of hollow fiber-based electromembrane extraction was studied for extraction and quantification of phenytoin from exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Phenytoin is extracted from EBC through a supported liquid membrane consisting of 1-octanol impregnated in the walls of a hollow fiber, and into an alkaline aqueous acceptor solution inside the lumen of the fiber. Under the obtained conditions of electromembrane extraction, that is, the extraction time of 15 min, stirring speed of 750 rpm, donor phase pH at 11.0, acceptor pH at 13.0, and an applied voltage of 15 V across the supported liquid membrane, an enrichment factor of 102-fold correspond to extraction percent of 25.5% was achieved. Good linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0.001–0.10 µg/mL (r² = 0.9992). Limits of detection and quantitation were 0.001 and 0.003 µg/mL, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine phenytoin from EBC samples of patients receiving the drug. No interfering peaks were detected that indicating excellent selectivity of the method. The intra- and interday precisions (RSDs) were less than 14%.     

Tunneling of Boseben-Einstein condensate and interference effect in a harmonic trap with a Gaussian energy barrier

The tunneling effect of Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a harmonic trap with a Gaussian energy barrier is studied in this paper. The initial condensate evolves into two separate moving condensates after the tunneling time under certain conditions. The interference pattern between the two moving condensates is given as a comparison and as a further demonstration of the existence of the global phase.     

双模SU(1,1)相干态光场与V型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体相互作用系统的量子性质

研究了双模SU(1,1)相干态光场与V型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)相互作用系统中光场的量子相关性质、振幅平方压缩效应和原子激光压缩效应。结果表明,双模SU(1,1)相干态光场各模的二阶相干度不随时间变化,光场各模光子是反聚束的,呈现非经典效应,光场两模相关性是非经典相关。光场具有周期性的振幅平方压缩效应,讨论了光场相关参数和原子相关参数对压缩深度、压缩频率的影响。双模原子激光不易压缩,压缩深度取决于光场初态。     

Condition for convective instability of dark solitons

Simple derivation of the condition for the transition point from absolute instability of plane dark solitons to their convective instability is suggested. It is shown that unstable wave packet expands with velocity equal to the minimal group velocity of the disturbance waves propagating along a dark soliton. The growth rate of the length of dark solitons generated by the flow of Bose-Einstein condensate past an obstacle is estimated. Analytical theory is confirmed by the results of numerical simulations.     

二分量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的二超流体模型

4He超流体在一定温度下可用二流体模型描述,包括常规流体和超流体两种成分.用这种二流体模型来描述二分量玻色爱因斯坦凝聚时叫做二超流体模型,是从耦合Gross-Pitaevskii方程出发推导得到的.二超流体模型与4He超流体中的二流体模型非常相近.在特定条件下,二超流体中的两个波模行为非常接近4He超流体中二流体模型中...     

计及两体和三体作用下的二维凝聚体中的孤子特性

使用多重尺度法,解析地研究计及粒子间两体和三体同时作用下二维凝聚体中孤子的特性. 结果发现,当凝聚体粒子间两体作用为排斥、三体作用为吸引时,凝聚体内会产生暗孤子环,且随着三体吸引作用的减弱,暗孤子环中心峰的高度逐渐降低,并当三体吸引作用消失时暗孤子环演化为一个完美的二维暗孤子. 当两体和三体作用均为排斥时,凝聚体中的暗孤子的宽度和幅度随着三体排斥作用的加强而减小,且当三体作用强度增加到与两体作用同一数量级时,凝聚体产生坍塌现象. 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体 两体和三体作用 暗孤子     

原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体对V型三能级原子激光压缩性质的影响

利用格子液体方法对V型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体与双模压缩相干态光场相互作用系统的哈密顿量进行分析,发现文献中对原子间相互作用部分的处理有不合理之处,从而对该哈密顿量作出了改进并研究了V型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体与双模压缩相干态光场相互作用系统中原子激光的两个正交分量的压缩性质.研究表明:V型三能级原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中光场-原子相互作用强度对原子激光的两正交分量的涨落有明显的影响. 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 V型三能级原子 压缩相干态 压缩原子激光     

囚禁弱相互作用玻色气体的势场优化准则

根据Thomas-Fermi近似,在基于最小动量态上玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的前提下,研究了囚禁弱相互作用玻色气体势场的最优化问题.导出了指数吸引势阱中有效势场和粒子数极限判据,粒子数给定时,可由此判据求出所需势场强度;势场强度给定时,可由此判据求出粒子数极限.根据吸引相互作用系统的稳定性以及求出的排斥相互作用的最大粒子数极限,结合有效势场判据,分别给出了囚禁吸引和排斥相互作用玻色气体时,势场强度的最佳取值范围. 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 弱相互作用 粒子数极限 势场强度     

Bosonic enhancement of spontaneous emission near an interface

We show how the spontaneous emission rate of an excited two-level atom placed in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate of ground-state atoms is enhanced by bosonic stimulation. This stimulation depends on the overlap of the excited matter-wave packet with the macroscopically occupied condensate wave function, and provides a probe of the spatial coherence of the Bose gas. The effect can be used to amplify the distance-dependent decay rate of an excited atom near an interface.